Monday, December 10, 2018

Bohemian Grove and Ronald Reagan by Gavon Cromika



Ronald Reagan, one of the most distinguished Presidents of the United States, is a part of the organization known as Bohemian Grove. It is an elite society for rich and powerful men. Reagan was pictured with others meeting in Bohemian Grove; he was the president at one point in time, and he was a distinguished member of society (Flock 1). This evidence backs up the statement because only the rich and powerful are invited into the Bohemian Grove. There are many conspiracies about the Bohemian Grove, but let's explore the one that includes Ronald Reagan and how they decide the presidents ahead of time. He won both of his campaigns by winning at least forty-four states electoral votes (1). He had a rough childhood his family was poor, and they moved around several times. Ronald was the second son born on February 6th, 1911 (1). He lived in Tampico, Ilinois, however, the family moved to Dixon, Illinois when he turned nine. Reagan was a life guard from 1926 to 1933, where he saved seventy-seven people (1). World Biography describes his early career saying,

“Reagan eventually found a job in Davenport, Iowa, as a sports announcer for a radio station. His skill soon earned him a position at WHO in Des Moines, Iowa. At the station one of his chief duties was to reconstruct Chicago Cubs baseball game broadcasts from reports sent by telegraph (a communication device that uses coded signals to send messages). In 1937 Reagan persuaded WHO to send him to cover the Cubs' spring training games in California. However, his real motive was to try to launch an acting career in Hollywood, and he was soon appearing in the movies” (World Biography).

In Reagan’s acting career he received okay reviews, but he did not receive good roles. However, in 1940 he ended up landing a major role, which ended up making him famous, in Knute Rockne-All American as George Gipp (Flock 1). In 1938 he became engaged with his costar Jane Wyman, whom he married two years later (1). They had a daughter in 1941 and adopted a son in 1945 (1). However, the marriage was short lived seeing as Reagan and Wyman divorced in 1948, making Ronald the first president to have been divorced (1).

Ronald Reagan was one of our nation’s most tenacious leaders. Throughout his life people described him as many things (Flock 1). American Historama says:

The character traits of President Ronald Reagan can be described as outgoing, friendly, confident, charming, cheerful and superstitious. It has been speculated that the Myers-Briggs personality type for Ronald Reagan is an ESFP (Extraversion, Sensing, Thinking, Judgment) with the temperament of an idealist. An outgoing, fun, unconventional and attentive character who excels in interpersonal interactions. Ronald Reagan Personality type: Resourceful, enthusiastic, optimistic, gregarious and persuasive. ("Ronald Reagan")

However, this essay will only go over Reagan’s charm. He won over the people of our fine country just because of his charm and his friendliness towards those whom he barely knew.
Ronald Reagan used his charm to win his elections. His acting career had help him to understand what influenced the people best and what they wanted most. The people at that time wanted tax cuts. According to Britannica Reagan was, “promising steep tax cuts, increased defense spending, a balanced budget, and a constitutional amendment to ban abortion” ("Ronald Reagan"). He went on to lower the top marginal tax rate from seventy percent all the way down to fifty percent. He made promises before his election and he kept those promises. This caused many to want him to be re-elected. This caused him to be more trustworthy showing that he can keep a promise. This just added to his charm. His trustworthiness work with his charm to make him somebody people wanted to stay around.
One conspiracy about the Bohemian Grove is that the members meet up once a year for seventeen days in July (Hanson). Hanson wrote a book called Bohemian Grove: Cult of Conspiracy. In his book he talks about how it is rumored that some members include former president, astronauts, big corporate CEOs, and even some leaders of the CIA (1). Hanson talks about how it is rumored that the members worship an owl which is called the, “Great Owl of Bohemia” (1). He goes on to say that members perform a human sacrifice to their god, this ritual is called, “The Cremation of Care” (1). Things just get weirder though as Hanson says:

Stories have come out of the Grove about wild homosexual orgies, male and female prostitutes being engaged in what can only be described as extreme sexual games, young children being exploited in unspeakable ways, up to and including cold-blooded ritual murder. There are stories involving actual human sacrifice on the “altar” of the owl God statue. Understandably, it’s all very hard to believe. (1)

It is believed that aside from this that they are supposedly only male club who decides many matters some of which concerning who is the next president or who becomes senator (1). They can decide who's in charge wherever and whenever they want.

A second conspiracy theory describes the experience of a man sneaking into the Bohemian Grove. Philip Weis, a reporter, managed to get into contact with one of the most powerful Bohemians, Mary Moore, and was able to get inside of the Grove during one of their sessions. Weiss writes, “I came and went on 7 days during the 16-day encampment, openly trespassing in what is regarded as an impermeable enclave and which the press routinely refers to as a heavily guarded area” (Weiss). As Weiss talks about his experience, he states, “I was able to enjoy most pleasures of the Grove” (1). At first glance it seems his story completely contrasts the conspiracy of Hanson. However, later he writes, “Then everyone hushed as a column of hooded figures carrying torches emerged solemnly from the woods 100 yards away, bearing a corpse down to the water” (1). Weiss starts to see the dark side of this, at once, beautiful place. Like in what Hanson wrote, Weiss writes that there are owl statues all around this encampment. An interesting part of the story is when Weiss talks about what it feels like to be in the encampment. He writes:

The sense that you are inside an actual club is heightened by all the furnishings that could not survive a wet season outdoors: the stuffed lion on top of Jungle camp; the red lanterns in the trees behind Dragons camp at night, which add to the haunting atmosphere; the paintings of camels, pelicans and naked women that are hung outside; the soft couch in the doorway of Woof camp, and everywhere pianos that, when the encampment is over, go back to the piano warehouse near the front gate. There's a feeling of both great privilege and rusticity. Bohemians talk about roughing it, but at a privy in the woods near the river, there is a constantly renewed supply of paper toilet-seat covers. And the sand at the Russian River beach is traversed by coconut-fiber mats and rich figured squares cut from the carpets in the "City Club," the five-story brick Bohemian building in downtown San Francisco (1). 

Much like Hanson, Weiss describes that there is a ritual named the Cremation of Care. He describes it as, “intended to put the busy men of the club at ease and banish the stress of the outside world, but it arouses critics of the encampment because they interpret it to mean that Bohemians literally don't care about the outside world. Cremation of Care, they fear, means the death of caring” (Weiss).
In conclusion Ronald Reagan’s charm allowed him to secretly work with the Bohemian Grove. This is because he had shown that he could be trusted and the people were charmed by his wonderful efforts to cut taxes and make their country better than it was before he was president. Was Reagan on of the countries strongest leaders or was he one of the most deceptive?


Works Cited


Hanson, Mike. “A Book by Matt Hanson.” Bohemian Grove Exposed, http://bohemiangroveexposed.com
“Ronald Reagan.” American Historama, 20 Nov. 2018, http://www.american-historama.org/presidents-united-states/ronald-reagan.htm
“Ronal Reagan Biography.” Encyclopedia of World Biography, 21 Nov. 2018, https://www.notablebiographies.com/Pu-Ro/Reagan-Ronald.html
“Ronald Reagan.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 21 Nov. 2018, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ronald-Reagan#ref214227
       Weiss, Philip. “Masters of the Universe Go To Camp: Inside the Bohemian Grove.” Who Rules America, 23 Oct. 2018.https://whorulesamerica.ucsc.edu/power/bohemian_grove_spy.html 

Thursday, December 6, 2018

The Assassination of John F. Kennedy by Rosana Vazquez






         Imagine being the man of the hour, powerful, wealthy, and loved by your people. John F. Kennedy, the youngest elected president of the United States, knew this feeling. Sadly, his title nor power could save him from the fatal bullet that struck him while crusading through a parade in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was charged for the assassination of John F. Kennedy; the court claimed that Oswald acted alone. After Oswald was shot by Jack Ruby a man linked to shady business, many were left with doubts.
Was this a larger conspiracy or did Oswald act alone?
Was the CIA behind the assassination of John F. Kennedy?                                        
Let’s examine the theories behind the killing of one of America’s most powerful men, the most probable being he was killed by the CIA.

        


            John F. Kennedy was more than a great leader he was an author, a friend, and a father    John F. Kennedy the youngest and first Catholic elected president, was a man of high class. His father was a wealthy Irish man named Joseph Kennedy. John F. Kennedy had a total of nine siblings and he was popularly known as “Jack” growing up.(John F. Kennedy 1). Throughout his childhood, he was recorded with many illnesses(John F. Kennedy 1 ). His family always made sure that he had the proper treatments and found the best doctors (John F. Kennedy 1). Although he wasn’t the healthiest child, his family was wealthy so he enjoyed a comfortable life. He grew up in Boston, with his brothers and sisters. He attended private schools, alongside his older brother Joe Kennedy, who set high standards for him. (John F. Kennedy, President 1). His classmates described him as charismatic and popular. Len Billings a classmate of Kennedy's  recalled “Jack was more fun than anyone I've ever known, and I think most people who knew him felt the same way about him" (John F. Kennedy 1).

           John F Kennedy was intelligent, charismatic, and capable of achieving the things that interested him. Kennedy attended multiple Ivy league schools and enlisted in the navy during WWII, in his early years. Although he was not at the top of his class, he showcased his intelligence through successful writings like his senior thesis called Why England Slept (John F. Kennedy, President 1).  This book sold more than 80,000 copies proving his talent for writing (John F. Kennedy 1). Later in his life he won the Pulitzer Prize from the book Profiles in Courage written by him and his colleagues (John F. Kennedy 1). During his time in the navy he accomplished important missions and was awarded for his leadership (John F. Kennedy 1).
 
        His road to presidency started with the running for the positions of Congressmen and later U.S senate, which he won (John F. Kennedy, President 1). After winning the presidency he continued to display that he was competent and skilled. The approach he took to manage the Cuban missile crisis demonstrated his capacity in handling critically defining moments (John F. Kennedy President 1). John F. Kennedy also advocated for African American equality and the reinforcements of desegregation (John F. Kennedy President 1). President Kennedy even proposed a civil rights bill and supported the March On Washington. (History 1). The foundation of the Peace Corps, which is still in place today, was another one of President John F. Kennedy’s legacies. The peace corps is a volunteer organization that helps people from different countries; this organization depicts Kennedy’s interest in being a helping hand for those who are in need.
  


                      At the age of 36 he married the dashing Jacqueline Lee Bouvier. Together they had a total of three children. John F Kennedy was not only a devoted president but also a devoted father. Even though he was busy leading the country, he put aside time to spend with his kids. 
Jacqueline Kennedy expressed moving memories of her husband, “He'd always come out in the garden during their recess in the morning and clap his hands, and all the little things from school would come running," (Mooney 1). Making it clear that John F. Kennedy’s charisma wasn’t just an act he put on to gain publicity, because he was that same charismatic leader at home for his children.
       Apart from being known for his academic and social achievements, John F. Kennedy also made time for entertainment. He was a fun and entertaining man.
He played baseball in school for multiple years ( Fast 1). His love for sports didn’t stop at baseball he also played golf, tennis, swimming, and sailed (1).  He enjoyed watching movies, his top favorites included the movie Spartacus, which he watched as president (1). He even had many pets in the White House. Overall John F. Kennedy wasn’t just an ordinary politician, he had a fun personality which was demonstrated by the way he chose to invest his time.
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           The ambiguity behind the idea that Oswald acted alone in killing president Kennedy comes from a simple question, how could a single man succeed in killing a man who is constantly under protection? Governor John Connally, rode with John F. Kennedy and others in the black car that drove John F. Kennedy past the school depository building where Lee Harvey Oswald patiently waited on the sixth floor (Gillon 1). “The magic bullet” theory showcases the high possibility of there being a second shooter. Mysteriously, one of the bullets shot is claimed to have traveled through Kennedy’s back, exiting through his throat, onto Governor Connally breaking his rib and wrist, and finally landing on his right thigh ( 1 ). “Skeptics often say it would have been impossible for Mr. Oswald to fire fast enough to hit both Mr. Kennedy and Mr. Connally, or for the same “magic bullet” to strike both men.” (Victor 1).
It is speculated that the second shooter was hiding behind the “grassy knoll”  (1).
It is argued that it would have been nearly impossible for Oswald to singularly shoot three bullets in such a short amount of time, 8.6 seconds to be exact, because of the time it takes to reload and shoot. ( 1). Both the “magic bullet” theory and the evidence that it is so difficult to shoot three shots in such little time, point to the high possibility of  there being a second shooter. (1).
   
         The second theory is that the CIA was behind the Assassination of John F. Kennedy because of political tensions between the two. There is evidence that points to the possible involvement of the CIA in John F. Kennedy’s Assassination. An important event during the Cold War, the Bay of pigs, was one of the main causes that caused friction between the two ( JFK Files 1 ). Although there were many other reasons, including the secretive attempts taken by the CIA to assassinate the Cuban leader Fidel Castro . (A Brief History 1).  Failure in this mission caused the dispute between them to broaden ; to the point that President Kennedy threatened to eliminate the CIA (1).  This threat gives the CIA motivation to kill president Kennedy.  Dave Perry is known to be an “an anti-conspiracy guy” , but even he doesn’t discard the theory that the CIA was behind John F. Kennedy’s assassination. (Patterson 1).  In an interview he stated,  "The problem is, of all of them, this is one I can't debunk," (1). He backs up his suspicions by stating "Kennedy was fed up with the shenanigans that the CIA was pulling," (1). Strangely enough, a member of the Warren Commission, the commission in charge of the John F. Kennedy case, had served as head of the CIA  ( 1).  Conveniently the Warren Commission ruled that Oswald acted alone (Victor 1). Other evidence that suggests that the CIA was involved with the assassination is that they hid facts about a suspicious trip taken by Oswald to Mexico  ( 1).  In this trip to Mexico it is said that Oswaldcontacted the Cuban Embassy in Mexico City” ( 1 ). Most evidence comes back to conflicts revolving around Cuban concerns. Cuban concerns were the root cause of the problems between John F. Kennedy and the CIA, suggesting that the CIA plotted the assassination, to get rid of the threats that came from President Kennedy.
 
       Ultimately, both conspiracies give evidence that demonstrates that Harvey Lee Oswald didn’t act alone . After only two days of being in prison Harvey Lee Oswald was shot by Jack Ruby, leaving little evidence of why Lee Harvey Oswald killed the President ( Victor 1). 
             John F.  Kennedy was powerful and could demolish the CIA, so the conclusion that the conspiracy behind this assassination is,  that the CIA ordered the death of President Kennedy,  is not shocking.  The Magic Bullet theory also brings to light suspicious actions taken by the government, inclining us to further suspect that the verdict giving by the warren commission wasn’t completely true. According to the evidence found it is almost impossible for Oswald to have acted alone.
             Many Americans doubt that Harvey Lee Oswald acted alone, 45% of the students polled at College of the Mainland believed that Oswald didn’t singularly organize the assassination of John F. Kennedy. 

                                                          Works Cited

"A brief history of the CIA." Gulf News [United Arab Emirates], 21 May 2017. World History in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A493869027/WHIC?u=j084901001&sid=WHIC&xid=40367600. Accessed 6 Nov. 2018.

            “Fast Facts about John F. Kennedy.” John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum , www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/life-of-john-f-kennedy/fast-facts-john-f-kennedy.


           Gillon , Steven M. “A J.F.K. Assassination Glossary: Key Figures and Theories.” History , History , 2017, www.google.com/amp/s/www.nytimes.com/2017/10/26/us/jfk-assassination.amp.html.   

“John F. Kennedy.”    Biography.com, A&E Networks Television,    27 Oct. 2017, www.biography.com/people/john-f-kennedy-9362930.

"JFK files, though incomplete, are a treasure trove for answer seekers." Gulf News [United Arab Emirates], 27 Oct. 2017. World History in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A511678596/WHIC?u=j084901001&sid=WHIC&xid=cdd0f5b9. Accessed 6 Nov. 2018.

“John F. Kennedy .” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 29 Oct. 9AD, www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-f-kennedy.

   "John F. Kennedy, President of the United    States, 1961--1963." The Cold War--1945-1991: Leaders and Other Important Figures in the United States and Western Europe, Gale, 1992. World History in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/K1605000139/WHIC?u=j084901001&sid=WHIC&xid=8b050e14. Accessed 4 Oct. 2018.

Mooney, Mark. “Jacqueline Kennedy's Audio Tapes: 'John John' Says 'He's Gone to Heaven'.” ABC News, ABC News Network, 13 Sept. 2011, abcnews.go.com/Politics/Jacqueline_Kennedy/jacqueline-kennedy-remembers-jfk-white-house-dad/story?id=14499391.

Patterson, Thom. “Redirect Notice.” Google , CNN, 21 Mar. 2018, www.google.com/amp/s/amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/03/21/us/jfk-assassination-conspiracy-theories-debunked/index.html.

 Victor, Daniel. “A J.F.K. Assassination Glossary: Key Figures and Theories.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 2017, www.google.com/amp/s/www.nytimes.com/2017/10/26/us/jfk-assassination.amp.html.






 


Jon Benet Ramsey by Mary Lara

“More than 211,000 homicides committed since 1980 remain unsolved” one of those being the unsolved murder case of JonBenet Ramsey (“How many unsolved murders are there in the U.S.?” 1). On the morning of December 26,1996, JonBenet Ramsey was found dead at the basement of her home in Boulder, Colorado, after being reported missing by her mother, Patsy Ramsey,  a few hours before. There has not been enough evidence to determine who the murderer is, or was, since then, many have developed theories of what may have happened :
        1. JonBenet’s brother committed the crime
        2. Former school teacher John Mark Karr committed the crime
        3. The police were paid to cover up the crime scene
Let’s review JonBenet’s case and the conspiracies that surround the cause of her being murdered by her own brother.
                              
             
        Who was JonBenet Ramsey? Named after her millionaire father, John Bennett Ramsey, and mother, Patricia, JonBenet was a beautiful and ambitious young girl striving to succeed in her beauty talents as well as her education. JonBenet won many beauty pageants throughout her short life, her first one being at the Colorado State All-Star Kids Pageant at the age of four (Lee 4). With the help of her mother, Patricia “Patsy” Ramsey, JonBenet became known as the most beautiful six year old in the small town of Boulder, Colorado. Following her death, many critics started to notice how JonBenet was able to “hold a pose” for an extensive amount of time, longer than any child her age should (Adler 1). But having won many pageants herself, Patsy’s main concern was to have her daughter follow her footsteps toward a beauty success, not thinking of how it may affect her daughter’s life psychologically. Many analysts question themselves on how Patricia was able to put her child through all the stress of having to worry about her appearance at a young age, claiming that it was her who led the unknown suspect to JonBenet. “She was a pedophiles dream come true” and it was her beauty that brought death upon her. 
       Although her mother was awfully consumed more about beauty rather than grades, at only six years old, she started her first year of Kindergarten as a brilliant student “being advanced in first grade work” (Adler 1). Coming from an intelligent family, JonBenet put her all into school work along with her brother Burke who at the time of the murder, was nine years old and was a “busy fourth grader where he shines in math and spelling” (Adler 1). Burke Ramsey was a prime suspect in the case of JonBenet Ramsey. Throughout the time, his parents kept him away from all public, he was never interviewed by the media until 2016 during the twentieth anniversary of his sister’s death. This interview was narrated by a well-known psychologist, Dr.Phil McGraw. Dr.Phil was very concise and questioned Burke if him, or his parents murdered JonBenet. Although there was no straight answer, Burke smiled and seemed very skeptical. He was sought after giving his interview due to the fact that he was kept away from the case for over twenty years and after all this time, he decided to speak on the subject. Dr.Phil declares that to his opinion, Burke is innocent and the smile he gave on air, was due to trauma he experienced as a child. The medical examiner confirmed that JonBenet had a fracture on her skull that was given with a blunt object. During his interview, Burke mentions that he hit JonBenet earlier that day with a golf club, which leads the public to believe that it was the main cause of her death.
      Due to much information kept from public records, the police involved with the crime scene were questioned as well. While examining the Ramsey house on the look for JonBenet, the police seemed to search everywhere except one door that eventually lead to the basement where JonBenet was found. There was a large amount of critics commenting on why the police allowed so many friends and relatives of the Ramsey family inside the house while they were searching for any possible evidence that would help solve the case (“JonBenet Ramsey Murder Fast Facts”2 ). Another possible suspect was a former school teacher Mark Karr, a schoolteacher who may or may not be a compulsive liar, was arrested more ten years later in Thailand. Karr was arrested after making a claim that he was with JonBenet at the time of her death. He was released after finding no match of his DNA on the little girl. After being released, Karr faced many angry human beings blaming him on the murder. Later, Karr changed his sexual identity and his legal name to protect himself. To this day, it is still unknown if Karr was involved with any of the crime. One of his close friends commented that  ”during his time working at a school in San Francisco claimed he started a sex cult of JonBenet Ramsey look-alikes called the Immaculates, which Reich disputes” ( Dussen 3). If Karr was innocent then why was there a need for his sexual change and name? Also,“prosecutors admitted to losing computer evidence in the case, thus having to drop those charges”(Dussen 3) why is it that with all the modern technology we have available in the 21st century, there was important documentation lost? Is Karr a compulsive liar or did he kill the beauty queen?


             
After JonBenet's death, many conspiracies developed. The first one was that her older brother Burke “accidentally” murdered her ( Dussen 1). While examining the crime scene, a plate with pineapple was found laying on the kitchen table and later, it was known that JonBenet had a slice of the same pineapple in her stomach that was not yet digested during her autopsy. Many people assume that Burke murdered JonBenet because she tried to steal a piece of his late-night snack, angering him and causing him to hit her in the head with a suspicious flashlight that was found on the kitchen counter (Lovitt). A forensic investigator, Werner Spitz, claimed that the “ autopsy included a "perfectly rectangular defect" He claimed the flashlight fit the eight and a half-inch gash in her skull "to perfection””  ( Lovitt ). While others believe that it was one of her father's’ golf club that was utilized. Although both items fit the description of a blunt object perfectly, neither of them had Burkes’ or JonBenet’s DNA or fingerprints.  

            The second conspiracy relies on a former school teacher known as John Mark Karr. Karr was declared a suspect when he reached out to a professor claiming he had murdered JonBenet   ( Lovitt ). After being arrested in Taiwan and furthered investigated in Boulder, with no evidence that tied him to the case, Karr was declared innocent of the crime but was charged as a pedophile due to a confession he made of having sexual fascinations of JonBenet. In one of his journals Karr wrote  "Daxis loves you so much. Oh God, I love you, JonBenét. And my lover's eyes are slowly closing …” ( Lovitt) with this written statement it can be inferred that Karr had disturbing thought towards JonBenet suggesting a mental delusion that may have led him to kill her.
                                                 

            All three conspiracies are tied together. There is enough information to assume that Burke accidentally murdered his own sister and the police were paid to cover it up along with John Mark Karr to take the full blame. Over 50 %  of the student population believe that  it was Burke who committed this ominous crime.
he unsolved murder case of JonBenet still haunts many people to this day. After examining her case very closely, the following conspiracies are what shaped her case into one that has changed the world forever:
        1. JonBenet’s brother committed the crime
        2. Former school teacher John Mark Karr committed the crime
        3. The police were paid to cover up the crime scene


Although over two decades have passed, her brother, Burke Ramsey, still remains the main suspect in this mysterious case. 
                                            Works Cited
                     Adler, Jerry. “The Strange World Of JonBenet.” Newsweek, 16 Mar. 2012, www.newsweek.com/strange-world-jonbenet-171868.
CNN,“JonBenet Ramsey Murder Fast Facts.” CNN, Cable News Network, 12 Dec. 2017, www.cnn.com/2013/08/29/us/jonbenet-ramsey-murder-fast-facts/index.html.
           Dusen, Ray Van, and EMILY PAUL Monroe Journal. “Former JonBenet Ramsey Murder              suspect Attempts to Hit Reset Button in Aberdeen.” Daily Journal, 10 Nov. 2017, www.djournal.com/monroe/news/former-jonbenet-ramsey-murder-suspect-attempts-to-hit-reset-button/article_8d209e9f-2843-538f-88f8-d30464e03cb2.html.S
Lee, Emily. “What Pageants Was JonBenet Ramsey In? She Made A Name For Herself.”      Romper, Romper, 15 June 2018, www.romper.com/p/what-pageants-was-jonbenet-ramsey-in-she-made-a-name-for-herself-17101 (Lee).
           Lovitt, Bryn. “Who Killed JonBenet Ramsey? 8 Possible Suspects.” Rolling Stone, 25 June.2018,www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-lists/who-killed-jonbenet-ramsey-8-possible-suspects-129125/the-schoolteacher-112380/.


JFK Conspiracy Theories by Shya Oliver

     

     What exactly happened to our 35th president, John Fitzgerald Kennedy? On November 22nd of 1963, the world watched as the commander in chief was assassinated while being chauffeured in a parade in Dallas, Texas. The president’s death shocked not only the entire nation but the entire world. Who would commit such a tremendous crime? Well, it has been said that a man by the name of Lee Harvey Oswald was the one that shot and killed Kennedy but due to multiple accusations, the American people started to make up conspiracy theories about the president’s assassination. Loads of conspiracies were made up, many ridiculous ones but there were many eerie ones that still haunt us till this day. These eerie conspiracies involved the CIA, the Soviet Union and even mysterious figures but before we reflect on the theories we need to reflect on the man that we lost that day.
            If you were an outsider, Kennedy would seem to be the “ideal” American man. Just imagine a man who came from a wealthy background, has a huge family with eight siblings, and had the best educational opportunities growing up; that was John Kennedy. Growing up, Kennedy fit the profile of an amazing brother and comrade. How was John growing up? Born to Rose and Joseph Sr. Kennedy on the 29th of May in 1917, Kennedy was the second eldest of nine. As a child, his mother kept record on his physical health because he suffered from conditions such as whooping cough, chicken pox and many other illnesses (Arnett). Even though Kennedy didn’t have the best physical health, his parents wanted he and his siblings to have great lives so they would typically reward their offspring with nice vacations. How would his classmates describe him? In high school, he was well-liked and popular. As a young adult, he was prepared at “The Choate School” which was one of the best private schools in all of Massachusetts. One of his childhood friends Lem noticed how big of a bookworm Kennedy was and stated that even as teenagers John had a subscription to the New York Times magazines ( John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum). Even his teachers and lecturers at the private school spoke highly of him. One teacher stated that John was a clever boy and always stayed true to himself, he also noted that even though his grades were not the “best” he did work to the best of his ability (John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum).
            After graduating from Choate, Kennedy went to Harvard University. While there he played football and started to become greatly involved in politics. During this time, his father had become a ambassador and spent lots of time in Europe. His father and he both shared a interest in the government and during John’s time in college WWII was on the brinks of starting throughout Europe. Conversations about the European government and war fascinated John deeply and he knew that after college, he would want to join the U.S. Navy to defend his country. Whenever his father found out that he wanted to become part of the navy, he stated how great of a decision that was for John (U.S. National Park Service).
            Due to his poor health, after four and a half years Kennedy’s career in the Navy had to come to an unexpected end. Kennedy then decided to turn to politics full-time. He started out as a member of the House of Representatives and gradually worked his way up to becoming an official U.S senator. During his years of being a senator, he met a lady named Jacqueline Bouvier. John and Jacqueline (Jackie) became the bestest of friends and in a few months they became engaged. The engagement was short and they married quickly. During their marriage,  John was very unfaithful to Jackie. John had numerous affairs and most people knew all about them. In magazine interviews, friends and associates of John and Jackie Kennedy tell that Jackie did know all about the president’s affairs. “At the end of the day, Jack came back to Jackie – and that was it. They loved each other (IrishCentral Staff). Author of the book “Jackie Style” Pamela Keogh reveals that “cheating behavior” was an example set by Jacqueline’s father. Her father had affairs during the time he was married to her mother and that is a major reason why Jackie normalized and tolerated John’s adulterous behaviors.
            How was John as a leader and president? Whenever John was sworn in on January 20,1961, he was the youngest man to be president and also the first catholic man to become president. So, Kennedy bought this new aura into the White House whenever he came because he was the first of many things. Kennedy was president during a crucial time period in American History: the 1960’s. He had to deal with years of tension from many foreign nations such as The Soviet Union (USSR), Cuba, and Vietnam over the idea of communism. In the beginning, Kennedy stated "pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty." Developing nations could expect America to "help them help themselves (History.com) but after years of verbal wars with these countries, Kennedy’s mindset slowly but surely started to changed.
Within the assassination of John F. Kennedy, several conspiracy theories are zeroed in on.
The first conspiracy states that the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) murdered Kennedy due to tensions between the agency and the president. In the second conspiracy theory, due to the many years of conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union it seems that soviets played a role in the president’s assassination. In the third and final conspiracy theory, it seems that multiple men played roles with Kennedy’s assassination and not just one.
During John F. Kennedy’s presidency his relationship with the CIA was strained. Tensions between the two started over the fact that Kennedy had got word about the CIA’s shiesty plan to have soviet leader of Cuba Fidel Castro assassinated. Kennedy was a man of peace, since the U.S. and the Soviet Union already had a terrible relationship, Kennedy felt that the CIA’s plan would exacerbate the relationship even more (Shapira).
The second conspiracy theory deals with the Soviet Union. Kennedy being a democratic president made decisions that irritated Republican Southern citizens. A citizen who strongly disfavored Kennedy because his beliefs towards the Soviet Union was a man named Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald was the man that actually pulled the trigger to assassinate Kennedy, but did Soviet leaders motivate Oswald to assassinate the president (Miller)? During the early 1960’s, Oswald went to Mexico City and it has been rumored for quite some time that while in Mexico City, Oswald met with Soviet Union leaders to discuss a plan for the president’s killing.
The third and final conspiracy on November 22nd of 1963, the day of Kennedy’s assassination, people theorized that a man who carried a black umbrella was moving umbrella in peculiar ways as if he was using the umbrella as a signal . Conspiracists believed that Oswald and umbrella man worked together, umbrella man using his umbrella to signal towards Oswald as Oswald would actually fire the bullet. The man holding the umbrellas’ full name was Louie Steven Witt. This conspiracy was took so seriously to the point where Louie Witt was actually tried in court. Witt stated that the umbrella was supposed to be a funny historical-like joke .Witt also stated “Being a conservative-type fellow, I sort of placed him in the liberal camp and I was just going to kind of do a little heckling” (Testimony of Louie Steven Witt) . A survey of 20 people at Dickinson High School revealed that only 30% of people believed that Oswald and the “umbrella man” may have possibly collaborated and that this theory best solves the conspiracy.
All three of these conspiracies go hand in hand, but Americans will never fully understand why such an amazing president lost his life on that November day in 1963.
After examining the case of the 35th president’s assassination the results have led to these three major conspiracy theories:
1)      Did the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) play a major role in Kennedy’s assassination?
2)      Did the Soviet Union orchestrate for Kennedy to be assassinated?
3)      Did ‘’lone wolf”’ Lee Harvey Oswald work alone to kill the president or did the “umbrella man” collaborate with him?
Finally, it can be concluded that even after fifty-five year, John Fitzgerald Kennedy’s assassination is still one of the greatest mysteries in the history of America.



Work Cited
Moore, Lori. “The J.F.K. Files: Decades of Doubts and Conspiracy Theories.
     ” The New York Times, The New York Times, 25
 Oct. 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/10/25/us/jfk-assassination-files-questions.html.
A, Dugan. “How Much Was JFK Influenced by His Mother? - The Boston Globe.”
“Life of John F. Kennedy.” John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum,
www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/life-of-john-f-kennedy.
“John F. Kennedy: World War II Naval Hero to President (U.S. National Park Service).”
National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, www.nps.gov/articles/kennedyww2.htm.
Staff, IrishCentral. “How Much Did Jackie Know about John F. Kennedy's Affairs?”
IrishCentral.com, IrishCentral, 26 Sept. 2017, www.irishcentral.com/culture/entertainment/how-much-did-jackie-know-about-john-f-kennedy-s-affairs.
Shapira, Ian. “Tantalizing Mystery of Missing JFK Assassination File Solved - 23 Years Ago.
The Washington Post, WP Company, 2 Nov. 2017,
History.com, A&E Television Networks,
www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-f-kennedy#section_3.
Miller, Michael E. “JFK Assassination Conspiracy Theories: The Grassy Knoll, Umbrella Man,
“Testimony of Louie Steven Witt.” Lee Harvey Oswald's Motivation in the Kennedy
Assassination, mcadams.posc.mu.edu/russ/jfkinfo2/jfk4/witt.htm.

Kurt Cobain Conspiracies by Allison Kingery


The singer who had it all at his time, took his own life at the young age of 27 in 1994. That's what supposedly happened to the famous Rockstar, Kurt Cobain. He dropped out of high school two weeks before his graduation and had many failed attempts at rehab before he died. Since his death, many conspiracies have been formed: he was going to divorce his wife, he was going to leave his band ‘Nirvana’ and go solo, or someone murdered him. We’re going to examine all these possibilities.
Kurt Cobain didn’t have the most perfect Rockstar life. He had many problems internally and externally. Some of those problems made people see him as an INFP. The acronym INFP stands for Introverted, iNtuitive, Feeling, Perceiving (INFP in Depth - Discover Your Strengths and Make the Most of Your INFP Talents 1). This means someone who is more energized by alone time (introverted), who puts more focus on ideas rather than facts (intuitive), who makes decisions based on thier values and feelings (feeling), and who prefers to go with the flow rather than having a plan set for everything (perceiving) (What is an INFP 1). What made people think he was an INFP were his song lyrics, or what he said during concerts and interviews. One of the many famous quotes he said that really made people think this about him was “I would like to get rid of the homophobes, sexists, and racists in our audience. I know they’re out there and it really bothers me” (Famous INFPs - Individual Differences Research Labs 1). Why would he want to get rid of some of the fans in his audience that spent money to go see him and his band perform live? Because he was against all the things he listed and that’s part of the feeling category in the INFP. Another quote he had said was “I knew I was different. I thought that I might be gay or something because I couldn’t identify with any of the guys at all. None of them liked art or music, they just wanted to fight and get laid” (INFP in Depth - Discover Your Strengths and Make the Most of Your INFP Talents). This goes for the introverted part because people usually listen to music and do art alone. 
 Another problem he had was that he was Hypochondriac. A hypochondriac is a person who is abnormally anxious about their health and think minor illnesses are life-threating. An ache or a cough could be a sign of a life-threatening disease to a hypochondriacal person. What made him become a hypochondriac was his stomach. He went to see many doctors about his stomach problems and they all kept giving him different medicines that didn’t seem to help him the way drugs did. In one of his interviews he says “No, they never figured out what it was, most gastrointestinal doctors don’t know anything about the stomach diseases, they just have a PhD. They get paid a lot of money for pretending and prescribing you different drugs, and it’s a total scam as long as I’m concerned” (MTV. Kurt Cobain Talks Music Videos, His Stomach & Frances Bean 1). He was also interested in the human body overall. In many of his songs and album covers he wrote/drew something involving some part of a human body. In one of Nirvana’s early albums “Incesticide” it has a drawing of a distorted body on it. One of the songs from this album is called “Molly’s lips” and is talking about the famous actress Molly Weir’s lips. In another album called “Utero” the front cover is a woman whose intestines and muscles are showing, and the back of the album is some of his own artwork with multiple fetus’ in the background. During an interview he tells the interviewer “I’ve always been fascinated with medical techs and charts and I guess I secretly want to be a doctor or something, I don’t know. Or a person that works in a cremation factory. I don’t know, I’ve always just liked anatomy ever since I was a little kid” (One of Kurt Cobain's Final Interviews - Incl. Extremely Rare Footage 1).
Cobain and his wife Courtney Love did not know each other for very long before they got married. They started dating later in the year of 1991 before she became pregnant with their only child in the early year of 1992. They married on one of his tour stops in Hawaii of that year in February (Who Is Courtney Love, When Did She Meet Kurt Cobain, What’s Her Net Worth and Who’s Her Daughter Frances Bean? 1). When they got married, the pregnant Love wore a vintage dress that once belonged to actress Frances Farmer and he wore a Guatemalan purse and green checkered pajamas because he was “too lazy to put on a tux”. They had a very private ceremony with only eight people attending, and one of those eight being the drummer for the band ‘Nirvana’, Dave Grohl (When Kurt Cobain Married Love 1). A lot of people did not approve of their marriage because they were both heavy drug users at the time of their wedding and during Love’s pregnancy. Love claimed that her drug habits were because it was “all part of the package of building a home” and that they were a “damn normal couple” (When Kurt Cobain Married Love 1) (Who Is Courtney Love, When Did She Meet Kurt Cobain, What’s Her Net Worth and Who’s Her Daughter Frances Bean? 1). After Cobain died investigators found a brief hand-written note in his wallet mocking their wedding vows. It read “even when she’s a b**** with zits and siphoning all your money for doping and whoring” (Sex, Love, and Marriage 1). This is some fuel for conspirators who believe that Cobain was going to divorce his wife Love before he committed suicide.
Not only do conspirators believe that he was going to divorce Love, they also believe that he was going to split from ‘Nirvana’ and go solo. Everyone around him thought that all the fame that came to him and his band so quickly affected him negatively. One of their producers said, “When I saw them in Amsterdam a few months back, it seemed like they were a little grouchy and . . . under pressure, let’s put it that way.” “Kurt is ready to strangle the next person who takes his picture,”. “People are treating him like a god, and that pisses him off,” “They’re giving Kurt this elevated sense of importance that he feels he doesn’t have or deserve. (Nirvana: Inside the Heart and Mind of Kurt Cobain 1). The singer of the band of course argued this with “It really isn’t affecting me as much as it seems like it is in interviews and the way that a lot of journalists have portrayed my attitude, “I’m pretty relaxed with it.” (Nirvana: Inside the Heart and Mind of Kurt Cobain 1). One of the band’s show’s in 1989 at Rome would prove otherwise. During the show, Kurt had an “onstage breakdown”. The co-owner of Nirvana’s first record label recalled After four or five songs, he quit playing and climbed up the speaker column of speakers and was just going to jump off. The bouncers were freaking out, and everybody was just begging him to come down. And he was saying, ‘No, no, I’m just going to dive.’  (Nirvana: Inside the Heart and Mind of Kurt Cobain 1). He believed this was because of the stress that him and his band were under at the time. The drummer of the band Dave Grohl, did an interview and talked about the band and what would happen if they broke up. In the interview he gets asked “was the band on the verge of breaking up anyway?” which he responds with “kinda, a little bit, sort of.” “It’s all too crazy” (Dave Grohl On If Nirvana Was About To Break Up Before Kurt Cobain's Death 1). In a different interview with Cobain, he says “I feel like I have an obligation because I like this band and I wanted to break it and I wanted to quit” (Kurt Cobain Fala Sobre Sair Do Nirvana 1). The ex-guitarist Eric Erlandson, from his wife’s band ‘Hole’, claimed that he was working on his own solo album. After Kurt died, he mentioned "That’s really what he was going towards, a solo album but working with different people" (Kurt Cobain Was Working on a Solo Album before He Died, Says Writer of Sh***y New Kurt Cobain Book 1).
Some conspirators don’t believe that his death was solely by himself. They believe that he was murdered. One of the main reasons people think this is because the private investigator, Tom Grant, that Love hired to help find her husband a few days before his death believes that she and the house nanny, Michael Dewitt, finally succeeded in one of their many attempts to murder him. He strongly believes in this because the two people he thinks to have caused Cobain’s death haven’t taken any legal actions against him (10 Dark Theories And Claims Surrounding The Death Of Kurt Cobain 1). A few of the other reasons that not only Grant but other people think he was murdered is because: there were no finger prints on the murder weapon or bullets, there were three freshly loaded bullets in the weapon, he had three times the lethal amount of heroin in his system than of a normal drug addict would, his suicide note doesn’t really talk about suicide until the last four lines (it talks about his love and appreciation for music), the last four lines appear to be have been written by someone else, his credit card was still being used even after the investigators found his wallet next to his body, at the crime scene in his ashtray there was a different brand of cigarette than the brand he usually smoked, and many more reasons (10 Dark Theories And Claims Surrounding The Death Of Kurt Cobain 1). If he had that much heroin in his system, that would have killed him almost instantly, and he wouldn’t be able to wipe the finger prints off the gun or bullets because he would’ve been dead or too intoxicated to even focus on such details. If he did shoot himself how would he wipe the finger prints off the gun and bullets? Why were there freshly loaded bullets in the gun, and why was there more than one if he had the intention of shooting himself the first time? Why does the note not talk about him ending his life until it looks like someone else wrote it? Why was his credit card still being used after he was dead? How/why was there a different brand of cigarette in the ashtray if he only smoked one kind? All these unexplained questions and many more questions with no answers are the reason why conspirators believe that he did not commit suicide, but that he was murdered in the greenhouse of his home. 
On April 8, 1994, Kurt Cobain took his own life at the young age of 27. The results of this led to some conspiracy theories:
1.       Was he going to divorce his wife before he died?
2.       Was he going to break up from his band and become a solo artist?
3.       Did someone murder him?
      After the twenty-fourth anniversary of his death, it remains a mystery to many conspirators as to how he really died.


















Works Cited
“10 Dark Theories And Claims Surrounding The Death Of Kurt Cobain.” Listverse, 6 Apr. 2018, listverse.com/2018/04/08/10-dark-theories-and-claims-surrounding-the-death-of-kurt-cobain/.
Azerrad, Michael. “Nirvana: Inside the Heart and Mind of Kurt Cobain.” Rolling Stone, 25 June 2018, www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nirvana-inside-the-heart-and-mind-of-kurt-cobain-103770/.
“Case Outline.” Case Outline, cobaincase.com/.
“Famous INFPs - Individual Differences Research Labs.” IDR Labs, www.idrlabs.com/infp.php.
Hyden, Steven. “Kurt Cobain Was Working on a Solo Album before He Died, Says Writer of Shitty New Kurt Cobain Book.” News, News, 23 Aug. 2017, news.avclub.com/kurt-cobain-was-working-on-a-solo-album-before-he-died-1798230867.
“INFP in Depth - Discover Your Strengths and Make the Most of Your INFP Talents.” Truity, www.truity.com/personality-type/INFP.
“Kurt Cobain Fala Sobre Sair Do Nirvana.” YouTube, YouTube, 11 Oct. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=YddHIePOQjU.
 “Kurt Cobain Talks Music Videos, His Stomach & Frances Bean | MTV News.” YouTube, YouTube, 29 Apr. 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJtm9HomKdE.
Music, Art And. “Dave Grohl On If Nirvana Was About To Break Up Before Kurt Cobain's Death.” YouTube, YouTube, 23 Dec. 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=25MS9dkVLag.
Nye, James. “Kurt Cobain's Note about Courtney Love and Marriage Found at Death Scene.” Daily Mail Online, Associated Newspapers, 29 Apr. 2014, www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2616087/Kurt-Cobains-note-Courtney-Love-marriage-death-scene.html.
“One of Kurt Cobain's Final Interviews - Incl. Extremely Rare Footage.” YouTube, YouTube, 20 Feb. 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=3CTsGievjMU.
Waring, Olivia. “Who Is Courtney Love, When Did She Meet Kurt Cobain, What's Her Net Worth and Who's Her Daughter Frances Bean?” The Sun, The Sun, 4 Aug. 2017, www.thesun.co.uk/tvandshowbiz/4162780/courtney-love-kurt-cobain-widow-age-net-worth/.
Wawzenek, Bryan. “When Kurt Cobain Married Courtney Love.” Diffuser.fm, 24 Feb. 2017, diffuser.fm/kurt-cobain-marries-courtney-love/.